Urine infections, or UTIs, happen when bacteria enter your urinary system, leading to uncomfortable symptoms like burning or pain during urination, frequent urges, and sometimes cloudy urine. If you experience these, a healthcare provider can diagnose and offer treatment, typically with medication. Drinking plenty of fluids can support urinary health.

Urine infections (UTIs)

Vaginal Estrogen (Vagifem, Estradiol, Estrace, Premarin)

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

Fosfomycin (Monurol)

UTI overview (UpToDate)

Podcast: Recurrent UTI facts

Treatment algorithm (AUA/CUA/SUFU)

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Robotic surgery is a minimally invasive technique where a surgeon controls advanced robotic arms to perform precise operations through small incisions. This often leads to less pain, reduced blood loss, and a quicker, smoother recovery compared to open surgery. Adhering to post-operative instructions is crucial for optimal healing and return to daily activities.

Robotic Surgery and Recovery

Adrenal masses are growths on your adrenal glands, small organs above your kidneys. Most are benign (non-cancerous) and found incidentally, causing no symptoms. Some can produce excess hormones, leading to issues like high blood pressure, or rarely, be cancerous. Management involves careful monitoring, medication, or surgery, depending on the mass's type and its impact on your health.

Adrenal Masses, Tumors, and Cancers

Bladder cancer involves abnormal cell growth in the bladder, often identified by blood in the urine or changes in urination patterns. Smoking and certain chemical exposures are common risk factors. Treatment options vary, often including surgery, and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking are important. If you notice symptoms, please talk to your doctor.

Bladder cancer or tumors

Blood in the urine, known as hematuria, means red blood cells are present. This can make urine look pink, red, or brown (visible hematuria), or only be found with a microscope. Causes vary widely, from infections, exercise, or kidney stones, to, less commonly, more serious conditions. It's crucial to consult a doctor promptly to identify the cause, as diagnosis guides treatment and supports your overall health.

Blood in the urine; Hematuria

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), or enlarged prostate, is a very common, non-cancerous condition where the prostate gland grows with age. This growth can press on the urethra, causing urinary symptoms like frequent urges, a weak stream, or waking up at night to urinate. It's often managed through lifestyle adjustments, medications, or, in some cases, minor procedures to help you feel more comfortable.

BPH, Enlarged Prostate

Cancer is a disease where the body's cells grow abnormally and uncontrollably. Symptoms vary widely depending on the type and location, but common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. While causes are complex, healthy lifestyle choices like diet and exercise can influence risk and overall health.

Cancer basics

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is when a man has difficulty getting or keeping an erection firm enough for sexual activity. This common condition can be caused by physical factors like diabetes or heart disease, psychological stress, or lifestyle choices. Effective treatments and lifestyle changes, such as healthy diet and exercise, can often help improve ED.

Erectile dysfunction

Advanced kidney cancer means the disease has spread from its original site in the kidney to other parts of the body. Symptoms may include fatigue, pain, or unexpected weight loss. Management focuses on slowing disease progression with treatments like targeted therapy or immunotherapy, and prioritizing your overall well-being.

Kidney cancer, advanced

Localized kidney cancer means abnormal cells are found only within the kidney. Often found early, symptoms might include blood in urine or back pain, with causes linked to smoking or obesity. Treatment frequently involves surgery, emphasizing the importance of a healthy lifestyle for overall well-being.

Kidney mass or localized kidney cancer

Kidney cysts are common, fluid-filled sacs that can form in the kidneys. Many are harmless, cause no symptoms, and require no treatment. Others may need monitoring or intervention if they grow large, cause pain, or affect kidney function. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle generally supports kidney health.

Kidney cysts

Kidney stones are hard deposits that form in your kidneys, often causing severe back or side pain and sometimes blood in the urine. They can be linked to dehydration or diet. While painful, many pass with increased fluids, or medical procedures may be needed for larger stones. Staying well-hydrated is crucial for prevention.

Kidney stones

Low testosterone (low T) occurs when your body doesn't produce enough of this key male hormone. Symptoms often include fatigue, reduced sex drive, mood changes, and decreased muscle/bone mass. Causes range from aging and health conditions to lifestyle factors; management may involve lifestyle adjustments (like diet and exercise) and, if appropriate, hormone therapy, all discussed with your doctor.

Low testosterone

Nocturia is the medical term for waking up one or more times during the night specifically to urinate. This can be caused by various factors, including fluid intake patterns, medications, and underlying health conditions like bladder issues or diabetes. Managing nocturia often involves lifestyle adjustments, such as timing fluid intake, and addressing any contributing medical conditions with your healthcare provider.

Nocturia

Overactive Bladder (OAB) is a common condition causing a sudden, strong urge to urinate, often leading to frequent bathroom trips day and night, and sometimes accidental leakage. This occurs when the bladder muscles contract involuntarily. Lifestyle adjustments like managing fluid intake and diet, along with bladder training and various medications, can effectively help manage symptoms and improve daily life.

Overactive bladder

Penile cancer is a rare cancer affecting the skin or tissues of the penis. Symptoms can include skin changes, lumps, unhealing sores, or unusual discharge. Risk factors include HPV and certain lifestyle factors; maintaining good hygiene can help. Treatment often involves surgery or radiation, and early detection is key for better outcomes.

Penile cancer

Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men, affecting the walnut-sized prostate gland. Early stages often have no symptoms, though risk increases with age and family history. Treatment options vary, from active surveillance to surgery or radiation. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can be beneficial.

Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer affects the prostate gland and often has few early symptoms; causes include age and genetics. When diagnosed, surgery (prostatectomy) is a common option to remove the gland, aiming for cure. Healthy lifestyle choices like diet and exercise can support overall well-being, and discussing all treatment options with your doctor is essential.

Prostate Cancer, Surgery

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland, a small organ in men. Symptoms often include pelvic pain, discomfort with urination, and urinary urgency. It can result from bacterial infections or other non-infectious causes. Treatment may involve medication, and lifestyle adjustments like adequate hydration and avoiding irritants can help manage symptoms. It's a common and often treatable condition.

Prostatitis

The PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test is a blood test commonly used to screen for prostate cancer. While higher PSA levels can suggest prostate cancer, they can also be due to other prostate problems. It's vital to discuss with your doctor if screening is right for you, considering your age, health, and family history, to understand potential benefits and risks.

PSA, Prostate Cancer Screening

Scrotal conditions involve various issues affecting the scrotum, the protective sac containing the testicles, leading to symptoms like pain, swelling, or lumps. These can stem from infections, injuries, or fluid accumulation. While some may resolve with observation or medication, others might require surgery; prompt medical evaluation is always recommended for proper care.

Scrotal conditions

Stoma care is the essential daily management of a surgically created opening (stoma) on the abdomen, typically for waste elimination. It involves meticulous cleaning, proper pouching, and skin protection to prevent irritation and infection. With education and routine, people with stomas can maintain a healthy, active lifestyle.

Stoma Care

Testicular cancer is a treatable cancer that begins in the testicles, often appearing as a painless lump, swelling, or heaviness in the scrotum. While its exact causes are unclear (an undescended testicle is a known risk factor), it's highly curable, especially when caught early. Treatment typically involves surgery, sometimes with chemotherapy or radiation, making self-awareness and regular self-exams important for timely detection.

Testicular cancer

Testicular pain is discomfort or soreness in one or both testicles. It can range from dull to sharp and may stem from various causes like injury, infection, or inflammation. Due to potential serious underlying issues, it's crucial to seek prompt medical evaluation for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate care. Gentle support and rest may offer temporary relief.

Testicular pain

Urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract is a cancer affecting the inner lining of your kidney or ureter (the tube to the bladder). Common signs include blood in urine or flank pain. Smoking is a significant risk factor. Treatment primarily involves surgery, and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking are key for overall health.

Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Tract (Kidneys or Ureters)

Adam Weiner

Cedars Sinai

Urologist

Surgery (Urology)

Diseases where body cells grow abnormally and can spread.

Cancer

Problems with glands on your kidneys that make hormones for stress, energy, and blood pressure.

Adrenal conditions

Cancer conditions affecting the bladder, the organ storing urine.

Bladder cancer

Conditions affecting your bladder, kidneys, and how you urinate.

Bladder and Urinary Issues

Conditions where your body bleeds too easily or can't stop bleeding.

Bleeding Concerns

Problems that stop urine from flowing freely from your kidneys, bladder, or tubes.

Blockages in the Urinary Tract

Prostate problems that affect men's urination and health.

Prostate Conditions

Everyday health, wellness tips, and understanding how to manage your care.

General Health & Patient Education

Kidney Cancer

Cancers that start in the prostate gland, a male reproductive organ.

Conditions affecting your kidneys and the tubes that carry urine.

Kidney & Ureter Conditions

Conditions from hard, stone-like deposits in kidneys and urinary tract.

Kidney Stones

Conditions affecting male organs, fertility, and sexual health.

Men's Reproductive Health

Problems with bladder, bowel, pain, or pelvic organ support.

Pelvic Floor & Pelvic Health

Conditions causing accidental urine leakage or loss of bladder control.

Urinary Incontinence

Infections affecting your urinary tract, bladder, and private areas.

Urinary & Intimate Infections

Tests to find what's wrong or to check for health problems.

Screening and Diagnostic Procedures

Health issues impacting women's bodies and well-being, including reproductive health.

Women's Health

Conditions affecting male and female reproductive organs and private areas.

Genital Conditions

Bladder problems preventing normal urine flow, requiring a new way for urine to exit the body.

Urinary Diversion

Health issues treated by operations and care for healing.

Surgical and Post-Surgical Care

Conditions that cause pain, aches, soreness, or general unease.

Pain and discomfort

Health conditions affecting sex organs, fertility, & sexual well-being.

Sexual and Reproductive Health

Conditions that don't fit into other main groups. A mixed collection of health issues.

Other

Medical procedures are planned steps healthcare professionals take to diagnose, treat, or manage various health conditions. These can include diagnostic tests like imaging, therapeutic interventions, or surgical operations, all aimed at improving your health.

Procedures

Conditions that doctors fix, remove, or repair using an operation.

Adam Weiner, MD

Urine infections (UTIs)

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